• First task: retrieve information about the International Space Station position at current time by public API service (also log it in a file).
• Second task: given the ISS position, check if it's in a visible range by observer's latitude and longitude position.
• Third task: plot on a world map the approximate position by using coordinates.
• Fourth task: send an alert email to the observer with attached plotted map image.

import os, requests, email, smtplib, ssl, time, datetime, logging, matplotlib

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Circle
from email import encoders
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from logging.handlers import TimedRotatingFileHandler

#Retrieve ISS position from Open JSON
ISS = "http://api.open-notify.org/iss-now.json"
r = requests.get(ISS)
lat = float(r.json()['iss_position']['latitude'])
lon = float(r.json()['iss_position']['longitude'])

#Retrieve ISS crew from Open JSON
crew = "http://api.open-notify.org/astros.json"
c = requests.get(crew)
crew_number = int(c.json()['number'])
people = (c.json()['people'])
crew_names = ""
for p in people:
        crew_names += str(p['name']) + ", "
crew_names = crew_names[:-2]

#Set lat/lon for YOUR_LOCATION
home_lat = *YOUR_LAT*
home_lon = *YOUR_LON*

#get datetime
now = datetime.datetime.now()

#set email sender configuration
server_host = *YOUR_SMTP_SERVER*
server_port = *YOUR_SERVER_PORT*
sender_account = *SENDER_ACCOUNT*
sender_email = " *SENDER_EMAIL* "
senderpwd = *SENDER_PASSWORD*
receivers = ["*RECEIVER_EMAIL_1*","*RECEIVER_EMAIL_2*"]

#rotating log setup
logger = logging.getLogger("Rotating Log")
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
logfile = " *PATH_TO_LOG* /ISSdata.log"
handler = TimedRotatingFileHandler(logfile, when="midnight", interval=1)
handler.suffix = "%Y%m%d"
logger.addHandler(handler)

#if ISS is in range, plot image and send email with attachment and log position
if ( lat >= (home_lat-7) and lat <= (home_lat+4) and lon >= (home_lon-7) and lon <= (home_lon+4) ):

        #set temporary image by reading bluemarble file
        bluemarble = plt.imread(' *PATH_TO_IMG* /blue_marble_800.gif')
        fig,ax = plt.subplots(1)
        #crop white space around the image
        plt.subplots_adjust(top=1,bottom=0,right=1,left=0,hspace=0,wspace=0)
        plt.margins(0,0)
        ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(plt.NullLocator())
        ax.yaxis.set_major_locator(plt.NullLocator())
        #set coordinates for temporary image and plot a dot at current ISS position
        ax.set_aspect('equal')
        ax.imshow(bluemarble, zorder=0, extent=[-180, 180, -90, 90])
        ax.add_patch(Circle((lon,lat), 2, color='red'))
        ax.axis('off')
        #save temporary image
        plt.savefig('ISSposition.png', dpi=125, bbox_inches='tight', pad_inches=0)

        #record data in log file
        logger.info(now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d;%H:%M:%S") + ";" + str(lat) + ";" + str(lon) + ";Y")

        #set email parameters
        srv = smtplib.SMTP(server_host, server_port)
        subject = "ISS at " + str(lat) + ", " + str(lon)
        body = "International Space Station is flying over your head at these coordinates:\n"
        body += "Latitude: " + str(lat) + " Longitude: " + str(lon) + "\n\n"
        body += "Crew: " + str(crew_number) + "\n"
        body += str(crew_names) + "\n\n"
        body += "Have a nice view!\n\nISS Monitor"
        #set email content
        message = MIMEMultipart()
        message['Subject'] = subject
        message['From'] = sender_email
        message['Bcc'] = "," .join(receivers)
        message.attach(MIMEText(body, "plain"))
        #set email attachment file
        filename = ' *PATH_TO_IMG* /ISSposition.png'
        with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
                contents = f.read()
        part = MIMEApplication(contents)
        part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"' % os.path.basename(filename))
        message.attach(part)
        text = message.as_string()

        #send email
        try:
                srv.starttls()
                srv.login(sender_account,senderpwd)
                srv.sendmail(sender_email,receivers,text)
                #print("ISS is close by, an email was successfully sent!")
        except Exception as e:
                #print(e)
                f = open("  *PATH_TO_LOG* /ISSerror.log","a+")
                f.write(now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")+ " > " + e + "\r\n")
                f.close
        finally:
                srv.quit

#if ISS is out of range, just log the position
else:
		#you can omit this line if you don't want to log ISS position
        logger.info(now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d;%H:%M:%S")+ ";" + str(lat) + ";" + str(lon) + ";N")

#delete temporary image
if os.path.exists('ISSposition.png'):
        os.remove('ISSposition.png')

import ephem, datetime, email, smtplib, ssl
from email import encoders
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication

def days_between(d1, d2):
	return abs(d2 - d1)

def twodigits(n):
	if len(n)<2:
		n = '0' + n
	return n

#set sender configuration: change values between asterisks accordingly
sender_account = *SENDER_LOGIN* 
sender_email = *SENDER_EMAIL*
sender_pwd = *SENDER_PASSWORD*
receivers = ["*EMAIL_1@DOMAIN.COM*","*EMAIL_2@DOMAIN.COM"]
srv = smtplib.SMTP("*YOUR_SERVER_SMTP_ADDRESS*",*YOUR_SERVER_PORT*)

theDate = ephem.Date(datetime.datetime.now())

nextfirst = ephem.next_first_quarter_moon(theDate)
nextfull = ephem.next_full_moon(theDate)
nextlast = ephem.next_last_quarter_moon(theDate)
nextnew = ephem.next_new_moon(theDate)

msg = ''
if int(days_between(theDate,nextfirst)) == 0:
	msg = 'First quarter:'
	nextphase = nextfirst
if int(days_between(theDate,nextfull)) == 0:
	msg = 'Full moon:'
	nextphase = nextfull
if int(days_between(theDate,nextlast)) == 0:
	msg = 'Last quarter:'
	nextphase = nextlast
if int(days_between(theDate,nextnew)) == 0:
	msg = 'New Moon:'
	nextphase = nextnew

if len(msg) > 5:
	(yy, mm, dd, h, m, s) = nextphase.tuple()
	msg =   (msg+' '+
			str(dd)+'/'+
			twodigits(str(mm))+'/'+
			twodigits(str(yy))+' '+
			twodigits(str(h))+':'+
			twodigits(str(m))+':'+
			twodigits(str(int(s)))+
			' UTC')
	message = MIMEMultipart()
	message['Subject'] = 'Moon phase change'
	message['From'] = sender_email
	message['Bcc'] = "," .join(receivers)
	message.attach(MIMEText(msg, "plain"))
	text = message.as_string()
	try:
		srv.starttls()
		srv.login(sender_account,sender_pwd)
		srv.sendmail(sender_email,receivers,text)
	except Exception as e:
		print(e)
	finally:
		srv.quit